Chambers of commerce developed in China as a key part of its sociopolitical changes. In 1902, the first Chinese chamber of commerce appeared in Shanghai. By the time the Qing dynasty ended, over 1,000 general chambers, affiliated chambers, and branch chambers had been established throughout China. In this new work, author Zhongping Chen examines Chinese chambers of commerce and...(展开全部)

The long seventeenth century in China was a period of tremendous commercial expansion, and no literary genre was better equipped to articulate its possibilities than southern drama. As a form and a practice, southern drama was in the business of world-building—both in its structural imperative to depict and reconcile the social whole and in its creation of entire economies depe...(展开全部)

The long seventeenth century in China was a period of tremendous commercial expansion, and no literary genre was better equipped to articulate its possibilities than southern drama. As a form and a practice, southern drama was in the business of world-building—both in its structural imperative to depict and reconcile the social whole and in its creation of entire economies depe...(展开全部)

With the Qing Dynasty reform efforts (1901–1911), abolition of the civil service examination (1905), and the end of the monarchy (1912), the first three decades of the twentieth century brought important changes to the elite of Zhejiang Province. This book examines the social backgrounds, public activities, careers, and decision-making of local and provincial elites—that is, no...(展开全部)

With the Qing Dynasty reform efforts (1901–1911), abolition of the civil service examination (1905), and the end of the monarchy (1912), the first three decades of the twentieth century brought important changes to the elite of Zhejiang Province. This book examines the social backgrounds, public activities, careers, and decision-making of local and provincial elites—that is, no...(展开全部)

To examine the long-run origins of democracy and dictatorship, Brian Downing focuses on the importance of medieval political configurations and of military modernization in the early modern period. He maintains that in late medieval times an array of constitutional arrangements distinguished Western Europe from other parts of the world and predisposed it toward liberal democrac...(展开全部)

布莱恩·唐宁(Brain M .Downing)早年毕业于哈佛大学政治学系，师从著名历史比较研究学者斯考切波（Theda Sckopol）、鲁道夫（Lloyd Rudolph）和国际关系学者米尔斯海默（John Mearsheimer）。他的主要著作《军事革命与政治变革》考察了欧洲中世纪末期军事技术变革与民主和宪政制度起源之间的关系，获得了包括巴林顿·摩尔（Barrington Moore）在内的著名学者的好评，并夺得了美国政治学年会加布里埃尔·阿尔蒙德（Gabriel Almond）大奖。此后唐宁退出了学术圈，成为一名独立评论人，在美国多种主要媒体均有发言。

布莱恩·唐宁(Brain M .Downing)早年毕业于哈佛大学政治学系，师从著名历史比较研究学者斯考切波（Theda Sckopol）、鲁道夫（Lloyd Rudolph）和国际关系学者米尔斯海默（John Mearsheimer）。他的主要著作《军事革命与政治变革》考察了欧洲中世纪末期军事技术变革与民主和宪政制度起源之间的关系，获得了包括巴林顿·摩尔（Barrington Moore）在内的著名学者的好评，并夺得了美国政治学年会加布里埃尔·阿尔蒙德（Gabriel Almond）大奖。此后唐宁退出了学术圈，成为一名独立评论人，在美国多种主要媒体均有发言。

To examine the long-run origins of democracy and dictatorship, Brian Downing focuses on the importance of medieval political configurations and of military modernization in the early modern period. He maintains that in late medieval times an array of constitutional arrangements distinguished Western Europe from other parts of the world and predisposed it toward liberal democrac...(展开全部)

What can the great crises of the past teach us about contemporary revolutions? Arguing from an exciting and original perspective, Goldstone suggests that great revolutions were the product of 'ecological crises' that occurred when inflexible political, economic, and social institutions were overwhelmed by the cumulative pressure of population growth on limited available resourc...(展开全部)